Is crypto legal in Russian Federation?
Cryptocurrency is legal in Russian Federation, but subject to regulatory restrictions.
Eastern Europe · RU · 9 of 9 dimensions sourced
Russian Federation crypto policy at a glance
Stage of the central bank digital currency programme — research, pilot, or launched.
Whether crypto is legal, restricted, or banned for individuals and businesses.
“Digital currencies and stablecoins are classified as currency assets, may be purchased and sold, but may not be used to make payments inside Russia.”
Whether the jurisdiction licenses crypto/VASP service providers.
“Operatorami informacionnyh sistem, v kotoryh osushchestvlyaetsya vypusk cifrovyh finansovyh aktivov (OIS), mogut byt rossijskie yuridicheskie lica, vklyuchennye v reestr OIS.”
Rules governing stablecoin and e-money-token issuance.
“Digital currencies and stablecoins are classified as currency assets, may be purchased and sold, but may not be used to make payments inside Russia.”
How crypto gains are taxed and reported, including OECD CARF participation.
“cifrovaya valyuta priznaetsya imushchestvom. Dohody grazhdanina v vide cifrovoj valyuty, sozdannoj v rezultate majninga, budut schitatsya poluchennymi v naturalnoj forme ot istochnikov v RF i oblagatsya NDFL po obshcheustanovlennym stavkam.”
How decentralized finance (DeFi) is treated by regulators.
“The Bank of Russia proposes to introduce a ban on the organization of issuance and (or) issuance, organization of circulation and (or) circulation of cryptocurrencies... including using decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms.”
Whether NFTs are addressed in regulation.
“Нефункциональные токены (NFT) относятся к цифровым финансовым активам и подлежат налогообложению в соответствии с общими правилами налогообложения операций с такими активами.”
Policy toward crypto mining — permitted, restricted, or banned.
“Федеральный закон... устанавливает особенности имущественных отношений, возникающих при осуществлении майнинга цифровых валют, а также правовой статус участников такого майнинга и порядок его осуществления.”
Intensity of regulatory enforcement actions against crypto firms.
“Банк России размещает предупреждения о компаниях, предлагающих услуги с использованием криптоактивов без необходимой лицензии.”
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